The chapter considers how and why the promotion of the Rights of the Child (RoC) has risen so quickly up the agenda of the EU and the social dimension of globalization over the last ten years. This is done, first, by briefly considering the historical development of the internal and international commitments to the RoC. Second, the chapter looks at four examples of EU promotion of the RoC, including extra-territorial legislation, the Charter of Fundamental Rights, the abolition of the death penalty, as well as poverty and social exclusion. Finally, the chapter looks at the latest developments involving the Commission's proposed EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child. In this concluding section, the chapter also look at how all these developments can been seen as illustrative of the themes of multilateral coherence, vertical coherence and the role of soft versus hard instruments of promotion when considering the EU and the social dimension of globalization. As discussed in the conclusion, assessing the EU's principles, actions and impact in the case of the RoC is challenging given the need for a holistic and integrated approach to such a cross-cuttingissue.